Instruments
Paranoia Checklist (PCL) - German version
Lincoln, T. M. (2017)
The Paranoia Checklist (PCL) is used to assess the frequency of occurrence of paranoid thoughts, the strength of conviction and the burden of the thought. The checklist consists of 18 items. Freeman et al. (2005) constructed the PCL based on the Paranoia Scale (Fenigstein & Vanable, 1992) to explicitly ask for paranoia and to measure the frequency or impairment caused by paranoid thoughts. The German version has been used in various studies in recent years and is now also available as a state version. Reliability: The Cronbach's Alpha is Alpha = .86 in a patient sample. Validity: A high correlation with the PDI (Peters, Joseph & Garety, 1999) of r = .71 and the PANSS (Kay, Fiszbein & Opler, 1987) of r = .32 to r = .52 are indications of construct validity. Moritz and colleagues (2012) found two factors instead of the assumed one-dimensionality, which can be interpreted as "unspecific distrust" and "clinical paranoia".
Constructs/Subjects: Multidimensional clinical personality tests
Number of items: 18 Items
Language of items: German
Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS) - German version
Engel, M., Lincoln, T. M. (2017)
The German version of the CAINS is a semi-structured interview test that is used to assess the current severity of negative symptoms in patients with psychotic disorders. The detailed procedure is suitable for a precise diagnostic assessment and therapy evaluation in the treatment of patients with prominent negative symptoms as well as for research purposes. It consists of two scales which measure motivation and joy as well as expression over different areas of life. Reliability: The internal consistency for the motivation and joy scale is Cronbach's Alpha = .87, for the expression scale Alpha = .80 and for the total scale Alpha = .87. Validity: The German version of the CAINS has a similarly good convergent and discriminant validity as the American version (Lincoln, 2014).
Constructs/Subjects: Multidimensional clinical personality tests
Number of items: 13 Items
Language of items: German
Motivation and Pleasure Scale - Self-Report (MAP-SR) - German version
Engel, M., Lincoln, T. M. (2017)
The German version of the Motivation and Pleasure Scale - Self-Report (MAP-SR; Engel & Lincoln, 2016) is a screening tool for the initial assessment of the severity of negative symptoms in patients with psychotic disorders. Expressive negative symptoms (flattening of affect and alogyny) are not measured by MAP-SR. The MAP-SR is a self-assessment tool with 15 items that record motivation, effort and interest as well as joy across different areas of life. The validation study included 50 subjects with acute or remitted schizophrenia (n = 39) or schizoaffective disorder (n = 11). Reliability: The internal consistency was Cronbach's alpha = .88. Validity: The German version of the MAP-SR shows a similarly good convergent and discriminant validity as the American version.
Constructs/Subjects: Multidimensional clinical personality tests
Number of items: 15 Items
Language of items: German
Choice of Outcome in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Psychoses (CHOICE) - German version
Lincoln, T. M. (2017)
The CHOICE Scale is intended for people undergoing cognitive-behavioural therapy (KVT) due to psychosis and is intended to assess the changes caused by the therapy from the patient's perspective. The scale comprises 20 items, which can be filled out either alone or in the presence of the therapist. The scale was constructed because commonly used scales for therapy outcomes often originate from pharmacological research (Greenwood et al., 2010) and therefore have a one-sided, symptom-oriented approach (Lincoln, 2014). KVT, on the other hand, aims not only to reduce symptoms but also to reduce, for example, the burden of symptoms, which is why this scale attempts to survey the changes relevant from the patient's point of view. CHOICE was established by interviewing KVT experts and patients who had already received KVT due to schizophrenia about target variables. The validity and reliability of the English version were reviewed and proven, and those of the German version are being reviewed in an ongoing study (as of 2017).
Constructs/Subjects: Multidimensional clinical personality tests, Therapy-related diagnostics
Number of items: 20 Items
Language of items: German